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Shorter but still considerable are the Odyssey with 12,110 lines and Dante’s The Divine Comedy with 14,233 lines. It was 200,000 lines of verse as well as some lengthy prose passages. The longest ever written was the Indian Mahabharata. Enjambment and caesura are also common features.Įpic poems are also noted for their length. But, poets often use spondees rather than dactyls, two stressed syllables followed by one unstressed. These feet would consist of one long and two short beats, or one stressed and two unstressed.
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Each line of these long narrative poems, ideally, if the poet stuck to the pattern 100% of the time, is made up of six feet.
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This metrical pattern can be seen in Virgil’s Aeneid as well as Ovid’s Metamorphosis and Homer’s Iliad, about the siege of Troy, and Odyssey. This pattern is also referred to as heroic hexameter. The verse is normally elaborate and therefore able to exaggerate the already otherworldly qualities of the characters of an epic.Īlmost every epic in the Western literary canon makes use of a dactylic hexameter. Just as the characters in epic poetry have to be grand enough to stand up to the form, so too does the form have to do justice to the character. His story, in what is undoubtedly an exaggerated form, is still told almost 4,000 years after it was written. The form of the epic plays straight into the major themes of the Epic of Gilgamesh as it is through this poem that the ancient king found eternal life. He battles with a rival, Enkidu, and eventually embarks on a journey to find the secret of eternal life. He is the king of the Uruk and is commonly recognized as an actual historical figure.īut, in the epic, he takes on a larger-than-life presence. Take, for example, Gilgamesh from the oldest recorded epic, the Epic of Gilgamesh. There is a lot hinging on the plotlines of those in epic poems. These could belong to an entire region or a small group of people. The main characters of these works–Odysseus, Achilles, Hector, Agamemnon, Priam, Helen– are all heads above other men and women of their time for their bravery, and of course, in Helen’s case, for her beauty.Īside from their courage and beauty, these characters are more often than not representatives of some set of values. When considering epic poetry, more than likely, your thoughts immediately go to the two works attributed to Homer, the Iliad, and the Odyssey.
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